Orthodontics is a specialized field of dentistry that deals with the alignment and correction of teeth and jaws. Orthodontic treatment aims to improve the alignment of teeth, jaw relationships, and facial aesthetics.
Orthodontic problems can include:
- Dental misalignment: Irregular alignment of teeth, crookedness, or gaps between teeth.
- Malocclusion: Misalignment of the upper and lower jaws. This encompasses issues such as overbites, underbites, open bites, or other jaw relationship problems.
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) issues: Problems with the jaw joint, such as pain, clicking, or limited jaw movement.
Orthodontic treatment is typically carried out using one or a combination of the following methods:
- Fixed Braces: Small brackets attached to the teeth and connected by wires. Brackets are bonded to the teeth and connected with wires to apply pressure, which helps align the teeth.
- Clear Aligner Systems: Using clear trays or aligners to move teeth gradually. These systems are custom-made for the patient and involve changing the aligners as treatment progresses.
- Functional Appliances: Used to correct certain jaw relationship issues. For example, orthodontic appliances can be used to guide jaw growth.
The duration and approach of orthodontic treatment can vary based on an individual’s age, the condition of their teeth, and the treatment needs. Treatment can range from several months to several years. The treatment duration and plan are determined through an evaluation and treatment planning by your orthodontist.
Regular check-ups during orthodontic treatment are essential. Your orthodontist will monitor the progress of the treatment and make adjustments to wires or aligners as needed.